DBMS > Apache Impala vs. ClickHouse vs. Realm vs. YottaDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. ClickHouse vs. Realm vs. YottaDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

A high-performance, column-oriented SQL DBMS for online analytical processing (OLAP) that uses all available system resources to their full potential to process each analytical query as fast as possible. It is available as both an open-source software and a cloud offering.

A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data

A fast and solid embedded Key-value store

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

using the Octo plugin

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	15.55
Rank	#38	Overall
	#23	Relational DBMS

Score	7.41
Rank	#52	Overall
	#8	Document stores

Score	0.28
Rank	#306	Overall
	#44	Key-value stores

Website

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

clickhouse.com/docs

realm.io/docs

yottadb.com/resources/documentation

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Clickhouse Inc.

Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019

YottaDB, LLC

Initial release

2013

2016

2014

2001

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

v24.4.2.141-stable, June 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

AGPL 3.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS

Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows

Docker
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

Close to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions)

by using the Octo plugin

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

gRPC
HTTP REST
JDBC
MySQL wire protocol
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Proprietary protocol

PostgreSQL wire protocol

using the Octo plugin
Proprietary protocol

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

3rd party library
C++
Elixir

3rd party library
Go

3rd party library
Java

3rd party library
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party library
Kotlin

3rd party library
Nim

3rd party library
Perl

3rd party library
PHP

3rd party library
Python

3rd party library
R

3rd party library
Ruby

3rd party library
Rust
Scala

3rd party library

.Net
Java

with Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift

C
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
M
Perl
Python
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

runs within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary

Triggers

yes

Change Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

key based and custom

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Asynchronous and synchronous physical replication; geographically distributed replicas; support for object storages.

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

optimistic locking

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-Memory realm

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access rights for users and roles. Column and row based policies. Quotas and resource limits. Pluggable authentication with LDAP and Kerberos. Password based, X.509 certificate, and SSH key authentication.

yes

Users and groups based on OS-security mechanisms

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