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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. etcd vs. mSQL vs. Postgres-XL

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. etcd vs. mSQL vs. Postgres-XL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonetcd  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLA distributed reliable key-value storemSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMSBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score7.03
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score1.27
Rank#169  Overall
#76  Relational DBMS
Score0.53
Rank#254  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.citusdata.cometcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
hughestech.com.au/­products/­msqlwww.postgres-xl.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.citusdata.cometcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
www.postgres-xl.org/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaHughes Technologies
Initial release2013201019942014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.1, December 20183.4, August 20194.4, October 202110 R1, October 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial infofree licenses can be providedOpen Source infoMozilla public license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CGoCC
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionality
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggersyes infodistributed, parallel query execution
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC
JSON over HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nonouser defined functions
Triggersnoyesyes, watching key changesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonehorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnonoACID infoMVCC
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesnoyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCitusetcdmSQL infoMini SQLPostgres-XL
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