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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Access vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Access vs. VelocityDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonVelocityDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLIn-memory JavaScript DBMSMicrosoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)A .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score0.43
Rank#264  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score104.92
Rank#11  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Score0.05
Rank#358  Overall
#36  Graph DBMS
#16  Object oriented DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comgithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accessvelocitydb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.citusdata.comtechfort.github.io/­LokiJSdeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­accessvelocitydb.com/­UserGuide
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftVelocityDB Inc
Initial release20132010201419922011
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.1, December 20181902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 20197.x
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Sourcecommercial infoBundled with Microsoft Officecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CJavaScriptC++C#
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)Windows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLsAny that supports .NET
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoyes infobut not compliant to any SQL standardno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JavaScript APIADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
.Net
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScriptC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.View functions in JavaScriptyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineno
Triggersnoyesyesyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineCallbacks are triggered when data changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDno infoatomic operations within a single collection possibleACID infobut no files for transaction loggingACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yes infobut no files for transaction loggingyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnono infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003Based on Windows Authentication

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCitusLokiJSMicrosoft AccessVelocityDB
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