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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. LevelDB vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. LevelDB vs. RDF4J

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbrdf4j.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.citusdata.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGoogleSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release2013201020112004
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.1, December 20181.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CC++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityno
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnono
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noyes
Triggersnoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnono

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCitusLevelDBRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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