DB-EnginesextremeDB - Data management wherever you need itEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by Redgate Software

DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. HyperSQL vs. LMDB vs. NuoDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. HyperSQL vs. LMDB vs. NuoDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBA high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score10.63
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.13
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score3.14
Rank#85  Overall
#46  Relational DBMS
Score1.94
Rank#120  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
Score0.87
Rank#201  Overall
#94  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comhsqldb.orgwww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-database
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.citusdata.comhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlwww.lmdb.tech/­docdoc.nuodb.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaSymasDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.
Initial release20132010200120112013
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.1, December 20182.7.2, June 20230.9.32, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Sourcecommercial infolimited edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++CJavaCC++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinux
Unix
Windows
hosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyesnoyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Java, SQLnoJava, SQL
Triggersnoyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonenonedata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnonenoneyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDB
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID infotunable commit protocol
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoMVCC
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyesyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
Apache ImpalaCitusHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBLMDBNuoDB
DB-Engines blog posts

Meet some database management systems you are likely to hear more about in the future
4 August 2014, Paul Andlinger

show all

Recent citations in the news

Apache Impala becomes Top-Level Project
28 November 2017, SDTimes.com

Apache Impala 4 Supports Operator Multi-Threading
29 July 2021, iProgrammer

Cloudera brings Apache Iceberg data lake format to its Data Platform
30 June 2022, SiliconANGLE News

Hudi: Uber Engineering’s Incremental Processing Framework on Apache Hadoop
12 March 2017, Uber

Updates & Upserts in Hadoop Ecosystem with Apache Kudu
27 October 2017, KDnuggets

provided by Google News

Microsoft acquires Citus Data, re-affirming its commitment to Open Source and accelerating Azure PostgreSQL performance and scale
24 January 2019, Microsoft

Ubicloud wants to build an open source alternative to AWS
5 March 2024, TechCrunch

Microsoft acquires Citus Data, creators of a cloud-friendly version of the PostgreSQL database
24 January 2019, GeekWire

Microsoft acquires another open-source company, Citus Data
24 January 2019, CNBC

Citus Data Announces Citus Cloud Database Support for HIPAA and SOC 2 Type 2 Compliance
13 November 2018, businesswire.com

provided by Google News

HyperSQL DataBase flaw leaves library vulnerable to RCE
24 October 2022, The Daily Swig

Introduction to JDBC with HSQLDB tutorial
14 November 2022, TheServerSide.com

provided by Google News

Threat Actors Exploit Multiple Vulnerabilities in Ivanti Connect Secure and Policy Secure Gateways
29 February 2024, CISA

The Lightning Memory-mapped Database
2 March 2016, InfoQ.com

Akamai launches managed database service
25 April 2022, Blocks & Files

Connecting the worlds of metabolomics databases
15 June 2021, Medical Xpress

HarperDB - How and Why We Built It From The Ground Up on NodeJS
28 February 2021, hackernoon.com

provided by Google News

'7 Minutes' with NuoDB SVP of Sales Stephen Fahey
9 February 2024, Channel Futures

Dassault Systèmes Announces the Acquisition of NuoDB, a Cloud-Native Distributed SQL Database Leader
25 November 2020, Dassault Systèmes

Deploy the NuoDB Database in Docker Containers
16 October 2017, The New Stack

Big Data Product Watch 1/31/17: No-Cost NuoDB, GPU Analytics, Cloud Object Storage, More
31 January 2017, ADT Magazine

NuoDB Raises $14.2M Round Led By Dassault Systèmes For Its Distributed Database Management System
26 February 2014, TechCrunch

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

RaimaDB logo

RaimaDB, embedded database for mission-critical applications. When performance, footprint and reliability matters.
Try RaimaDB for free.

SingleStore logo

The data platform to build your intelligent applications.
Try it free.

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

Present your product here