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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. Graphite vs. Solr

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. Graphite vs. Solr

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonSolr  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLData logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperA widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache Lucene
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSSearch engine
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument storeSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#73  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score42.91
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comgithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-websolr.apache.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.citusdata.comgraphite.readthedocs.iosolr.apache.org/­resources.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaChris DavisApache Software Foundation
Initial release2013201020062006
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.1, December 20189.6.0, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CPythonJava
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxLinux
Unix
All OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)
Data schemeyesyesyesyes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesNumeric data onlyyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typing
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoSolr Parallel SQL Interface
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP API
Sockets
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noJava plugins
Triggersnoyesnoyes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonospark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnooptimistic locking
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infolockingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoyes

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCitusGraphiteSolr
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