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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. FoundationDB vs. Rockset

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. FoundationDB vs. Rockset

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonRockset  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.A scalable, reliable search and analytics service in the cloud, built on RocksDB
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument storeRelational DBMS
Search engine
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score0.82
Rank#212  Overall
#36  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbrockset.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.citusdata.comapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.rockset.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaFoundationDBRockset
Initial release2013201020132019
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.1, December 20186.2.28, November 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CC++C++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infosome layers support typingdynamic typing
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityno infoingestion from XML files supported
Secondary indexesyesyesnoall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard, with numerous extensionssupported in specific SQL layer onlyRead-only SQL queries, including JOINs
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.in SQL-layer onlyno
Triggersnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingAutomatic sharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesin SQL-layer onlyno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights for users and organizations can be defined via Rockset console

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCitusFoundationDBRockset
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