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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. Faircom DB vs. HyperSQL vs. NuoDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. Faircom DB vs. HyperSQL vs. NuoDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonFaircom DB infoformerly c-treeACE  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLNative high-speed multi-model DBMS for relational and key-value store data simultaneously accessible through SQL and NoSQL APIs.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#304  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
#136  Relational DBMS
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Score0.94
Rank#197  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comwww.faircom.com/­products/­faircom-dbhsqldb.orgwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-database
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.citusdata.comdocs.faircom.com/­docs/­en/­UUID-7446ae34-a1a7-c843-c894-d5322e395184.htmlhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldoc.nuodb.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaFairCom CorporationDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.
Initial release20132010197920012013
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.1, December 2018V12, November 20202.7.2, June 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercial infoRestricted, free version availableOpen Source infobased on BSD licensecommercial infolimited edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CANSI C, C++JavaC++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OS X
QNX
SCO
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows infoeasily portable to other OSs
All OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modeshosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema free, schema optional, schema required, partial schema,yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes, ANSI SQL Types, JSON, typed binary structuresyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyes, ANSI SQL with proprietary extensionsyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
Direct SQL
JDBC
JPA
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful MQTT/JSON API
RPC
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js and browser)
PHP
Python
Visual Basic
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes info.Net, JavaScript, C/C++Java, SQLJava, SQL
Triggersnoyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingFile partitioning, horizontal partitioning, sharding infoCustomizable business rules for table partitioningnonedata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes, configurable to be parallel or serial, synchronous or asynchronous, uni-directional or bi-directional, ACID-consistent or eventually consistent (with custom conflict resolution).noneyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDB
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Tunable consistency per server, database, table, and transaction
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDtunable from ACID to Eventually ConsistentACIDACID infotunable commit protocol
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoMVCC
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesYes, tunable from durable to delayed durability to in-memoryyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyesyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard with additional protections for filesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCitusFaircom DB infoformerly c-treeACEHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBNuoDB
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