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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. CouchDB vs. Ingres vs. MaxDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. CouchDB vs. Ingres vs. MaxDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Well established RDBMSA robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutions
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score2.32
Rank#112  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comcouchdb.apache.orgwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresmaxdb.sap.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.citusdata.comdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledocs.actian.com/­ingresmaxdb.sap.com/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerActian CorporationSAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997
Initial release2013201020051974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s1984
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.1, December 20183.3.3, December 202311.2, May 20227.9.10.12, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CErlangCC++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP/JSON API.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.View functions in JavaScriptyesyes
Triggersnoyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0horizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslynone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Ingres ReplicatorSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCitusCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"IngresMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D
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