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DBMS > Apache Cassandra vs. Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Snowflake vs. TDengine

System Properties Comparison Apache Cassandra vs. Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Snowflake vs. TDengine

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Cassandra  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparisonTDengine  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessAnalytic DBMS for HadoopGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceCloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured dataTime Series DBMS and big data platform
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document storeSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.94
Rank#11  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score10.63
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score24.97
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score133.72
Rank#7  Overall
#5  Relational DBMS
Score2.48
Rank#107  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgimpala.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.snowflake.comgithub.com/­taosdata/­TDengine
tdengine.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.htmldocs.tdengine.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftSnowflake Computing Inc.TDEngine, previously Taos Data
Initial release20082013201420142019
Current release5.0-rc1, July 20244.1.0, June 20223.0, August 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL V3, also commercial editions available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaC++C
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxhostedhostedLinux
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languageyesStandard SQL with extensions for time-series applications
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
JDBC
ODBC
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceJavaScriptuser defined functionsno
TriggersyesnoJavaScriptno infosimilar concept for controling cloud resourcesyes, via alarm monitoring
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyesSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleselectable replication factoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyes infoquery execution via MapReducewith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*no
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsnoMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationyes
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache CassandraApache ImpalaMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBSnowflakeTDengine
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
TDengine™ is a time-series database designed to help traditional industries overcome...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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High Performance at Any Scale: With its distributed scalable architecture that grows...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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TDengine is purpose-built for Industry 4.0 and the Industrial IoT (IIoT) and particularly...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsApache Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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TDengine has garnered over 23,000 stars on GitHub and is used in over 50 countries...
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
TDengine OSS is free, open-source software released under the AGPLv3. TDengine Enterprise...
» more
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