DBMS > Apache Impala vs. BoltDB vs. CockroachDB vs. SpaceTime vs. STSdb

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. BoltDB vs. CockroachDB vs. SpaceTime vs. STSdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.

Key-Value Store with special method for indexing

optimized for high performance using a special indexing method

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	0.74
Rank	#220	Overall
	#31	Key-value stores

Score	6.15
Rank	#55	Overall
	#33	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#7	Spatial DBMS

Score	0.04
Rank	#360	Overall
	#52	Key-value stores

Website

impala.apache.org

github.com/boltdb/bolt

www.cockroachlabs.com

www.mireo.com/spacetime

github.com/STSSoft/STSdb4

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Cockroach Labs

Mireo

STS Soft SC

Initial release

2013

2015

2020

2011

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

23.1.1, May 2023

4.0.8, September 2015

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

commercial

Open Source

GPLv2, commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux

Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

dynamic schema

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

primitive types and user defined types (classes)

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC

RESTful HTTP API

.NET Client API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

C#
C++
Python

C#
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Triggers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

Fixed-grid hypercubes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

none

Multi-source replication using RAFT

Real-time block device replication (DRBD)

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Role-based access control

yes

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