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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Badger vs. EJDB vs. Hypertable vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Badger vs. EJDB vs. Hypertable vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonBadger  Xexclude from comparisonEJDB  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAn embeddable, persistent, simple and fast Key-Value Store, written purely in Go.Embeddable document-store database library with JSON representation of queries (in MongoDB style)An open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as HadoopFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeDocument storeWide column storeRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.14
Rank#331  Overall
#49  Key-value stores
Score0.27
Rank#297  Overall
#44  Document stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orggithub.com/­dgraph-io/­badgergithub.com/­Softmotions/­ejdbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlgodoc.org/­github.com/­dgraph-io/­badgergithub.com/­Softmotions/­ejdb/­blob/­master/­README.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaDGraph LabsSoftmotionsHypertable Inc.Microsoft
Initial release20132017201220092019
Current release4.1.0, June 20220.9.8.11, March 2016cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2Open Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++GoCC++
Server operating systemsLinuxBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
server-lessLinux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
hosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes infostring, integer, double, bool, date, object_idnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesyesnonorestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scansall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnononoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
in-process shared libraryC++ API
Thrift
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCGoActionscript
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
Objective-C
Pike
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenononoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnonononoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenoneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornonenoneselectable replication factor on file system levelyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonoyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono infotypically not needed, however similar functionality with collection joins possiblenono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonononono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoRead/Write Lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosnononoAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
Apache ImpalaBadgerEJDBHypertableMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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