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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Spark SQL vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Spark SQL vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.97
Rank#126  Overall
#59  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#343  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgphoenix.apache.orgspark.apache.org/­sqlgithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlphoenix.apache.orgspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmlwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software FoundationApache Software FoundationJuxt Ltd.
Initial release2013201420142019
Current release4.1.0, June 20225.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20193.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20231.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaScalaClojure
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBCJDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
Java
Python
R
Scala
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functionsnono
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingyes, utilizing Spark Corenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceHadoop integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancyno

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More resources
Apache ImpalaApache PhoenixSpark SQLXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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