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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Spark SQL vs. Sqrrl

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Spark SQL vs. Sqrrl

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonSqrrl  Xexclude from comparison
Sqrrl has been acquired by Amazon and became a part of Amazon Web Services. It has been removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingAdaptable, secure NoSQL built on Apache Accumulo
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.06
Rank#123  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgphoenix.apache.orgspark.apache.org/­sqlsqrrl.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlphoenix.apache.orgspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software FoundationApache Software FoundationAmazon infooriginally Sqrrl Data, Inc.
Initial release2013201420142012
Current release4.1.0, June 20225.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20193.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaScalaJava
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBCJDBC
ODBC
Accumulo Shell
Java API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
Java
Python
R
Scala
Actionscript
C infousing GLib
C#
C++
Cocoa
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functionsnono
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingyes, utilizing Spark CoreSharding infomaking use of Hadoop
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneselectable replication factor infomaking use of Hadoop
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceHadoop integrationyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infoDocument store kept consistent with combination of global timestamping, row-level transactions, and server-side consistency resolution.
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoAtomic updates per row, document, or graph entity
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancynoCell-level Security, Data-Centric Security, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC)

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More resources
Apache ImpalaApache PhoenixSpark SQLSqrrl
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Cloudera's HBase PaaS offering now supports Complex Transactions
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