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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RethinkDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RethinkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.06
Rank#123  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score2.66
Rank#107  Overall
#20  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgphoenix.apache.orgwww.datomic.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsrethinkdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlphoenix.apache.orgdocs.datomic.comdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsrethinkdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software FoundationCognitectMicrosoftThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017
Initial release20132014201220162009
Current release4.1.0, June 20225.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20191.0.7075, December 20232.4.1, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial infolimited edition freecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaJava, ClojureC++C++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometry
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesnoyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBCRESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
Clojure
Java
C#
Java
PHP
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functionsyes infoTransaction FunctionsTransact SQL
TriggersnonoBy using transaction functionsnoClient-side triggers through changefeeds
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding inforange based
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceHadoop integrationnonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDAtomic single-document operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoMVCC based
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancynoyesyes infousers and table-level permissions

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Apache ImpalaApache PhoenixDatomicMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseRethinkDB
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