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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Apache IoTDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SQL.JS

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Apache IoTDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SQL.JS

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonSQL.JS  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSPort of SQLite to JavaScript
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.53
Rank#252  Overall
#116  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgiotdb.apache.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serversql.js.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmliotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serversql.js.org/­documentation/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software FoundationMicrosoftAlon Zakai infoenhancements implemented by others
Initial release2013201819892012
Current release4.1.0, June 20221.1.0, April 2023SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaC++JavaScript
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)Linux
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languageyesyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
Native API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JavaScript API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javano
Triggersnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceIntegration with Hadoop and Sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Immediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesno infoexcept by serializing a db to a file
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
Apache ImpalaApache IoTDBMicrosoft SQL ServerSQL.JS
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