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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Apache IoTDB vs. IBM Db2 vs. OrientDB vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Apache IoTDB vs. IBM Db2 vs. OrientDB vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkCommon in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score128.46
Rank#8  Overall
#5  Relational DBMS
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgiotdb.apache.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2orientdb.orgwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmliotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlwww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2www.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software FoundationIBMOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPStardog-Union
Initial release201320181983 infohost version20102010
Current release4.1.0, June 20221.1.0, April 202312.1, October 20163.2.29, March 20247.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial infofree version is availableOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaC and C++JavaJava
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languageyesSQL-like query language, no joinsYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
Native API
ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesyesJava, Javascriptuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
TriggersnoyesyesHooksyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)Sharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux VersionShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasyes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)Multi-source replicationMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceIntegration with Hadoop and Sparknono infocould be achieved with distributed queriesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes inforelationship in graphsyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurableAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache ImpalaApache IoTDBIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2OrientDBStardog
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