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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Milvus vs. PostgreSQL vs. Qdrant

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Milvus vs. PostgreSQL vs. Qdrant

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonQdrant  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA high-performance vector database with neural network or semantic-based matching
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Vector DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score2.78
Rank#103  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.28
Rank#167  Overall
#6  Vector DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgmilvus.iowww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­qdrant/­qdrant
qdrant.tech
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdwww.postgresql.org/­docsqdrant.tech/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerQdrant
Initial release201220191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2021
Current release29.0.1, April 20242.3.4, January 202416.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
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Implementation languageJavaC++, GoCRust
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
Linux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesVector, Numeric and StringyesNumbers, Strings, Geo, Boolean
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes infoKeywords, numberic ranges, geo, full-text
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC
OpenAPI 3.0
RESTful HTTP/JSON API infoOpenAPI 3.0
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsCollection-level replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency, tunable consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemRole based access control and fine grained access rightsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardKey-based authentication
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache DruidMilvusPostgreSQLQdrant
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

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Apache DruidMilvusPostgreSQLQdrant
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