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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Stardog vs. STSdb vs. TDengine

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Stardog vs. STSdb vs. TDengine

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonSTSdb  Xexclude from comparisonTDengine  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataFully managed big data interactive analytics platformEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationKey-Value Store with special method for indexing infooptimized for high performance using a special indexing methodTime Series DBMS and big data platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value storeTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.10
Rank#357  Overall
#51  Key-value stores
Score2.68
Rank#106  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.stardog.comgithub.com/­STSSoft/­STSdb4github.com/­taosdata/­TDengine
tdengine.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.stardog.comdocs.tdengine.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsMicrosoftStardog-UnionSTS Soft SCTDEngine, previously Taos Data
Initial release20122019201020112019
Current release29.0.1, April 2024cloud service with continuous releases7.3.0, May 20204.0.8, September 20153.0, August 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoGPLv2, commercial license availableOpen Source infoAGPL V3, also commercial editions available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC#C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
WindowsLinux
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes infoprimitive types and user defined types (classes)yes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialnono
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL ServernoStandard SQL with extensions for time-series applications
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
.NET Client APIJDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javanono
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes infovia event handlersnoyes, via alarm monitoring
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication in HA-Clusternoneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes inforelationships in graphsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights for users and rolesnoyes
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache DruidMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerStardogSTSdbTDengine
Specific characteristicsTDengine™ is a next generation data historian purpose-built for Industry 4.0 and...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh Performance at any Scale: TDengine is purpose-built for handling massive industrial...
» more
Typical application scenariosTDengine is designed for Industrial IoT scenarios, including: Manufacturing Connected...
» more
Market metricsTDengine has garnered over 22,500 stars on GitHub and is used in over 50 countries...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTDengine OSS is an open source, cloud native time series database. It includes built-in...
» more
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More resources
Apache DruidMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerStardogSTSdbTDengine
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