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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. SpaceTime vs. Splunk

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. SpaceTime vs. Splunk

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparisonSplunk  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasetsSpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.Analytics Platform for Big Data
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedWide column storeSpatial DBMSSearch engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score4.48
Rank#75  Overall
#6  Wide column stores
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Score86.45
Rank#14  Overall
#2  Search engines
Websitedruid.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tableswww.mireo.com/­spacetimewww.splunk.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.splunk.com/­Documentation/­Splunk
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsMicrosoftMicrosoftMireoSplunk Inc.
Initial release20122019201220202003
Current release29.0.1, April 2024cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialcommercialcommercialcommercial infoLimited free edition and free developer edition available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
hostedhostedLinuxLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnonoyes
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexednonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoA subset of ANSI SQL is implementedno infoSplunk Search Processing Language for search commands
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIRESTful HTTP APIHTTP REST
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Python
C#
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnonoyes
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceFixed-grid hypercubesSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Real-time block device replication (DRBD)Multi-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonooptimistic lockingnono infoA 'Transaction' in Splunk has a different meaning: grouping related events into a single one for later searching
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonononono
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights based on private key authentication or shared access signaturesyesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache DruidMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure Table StorageSpaceTimeSplunk
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