DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OpenSearch vs. Stardog vs. TDengine

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OpenSearch vs. Stardog vs. TDengine

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

A distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache Lucene

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

Time Series DBMS and big data platform

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Search engine

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Vector DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.25
Rank	#90	Overall
	#47	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	16.03
Rank	#37	Overall
	#4	Search engines

Score	2.07
Rank	#122	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Score	2.68
Rank	#106	Overall
	#9	Time Series DBMS

Website

druid.apache.org

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

github.com/opensearch-project
opensearch.org

www.stardog.com

github.com/taosdata/TDengine
tdengine.com

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

opensearch.org/docs/latest

docs.stardog.com

docs.tdengine.com

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Microsoft

Amazon Web Services

Stardog-Union

TDEngine, previously Taos Data

Initial release

2012

2014

2021

2010

2019

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

2.5.0, January 2023

7.3.0, May 2020

3.0, August 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Open Source

AGPL V3, also commercial editions available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

SQL-like query language

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

Standard SQL with extensions for time-series applications

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Elasticsearch client

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

JavaScript

yes

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

JavaScript

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes

via event handlers

yes, via alarm monitoring

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Access rights for users and roles

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

OpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
» more

TDengine™ is a next generation data historian purpose-built for Industry 4.0 and...
» more

Competitive advantages

Distributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
» more

High Performance at any Scale: TDengine is purpose-built for handling massive industrial...
» more

Typical application scenarios

The OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
» more

TDengine is designed for Industrial IoT scenarios, including: Manufacturing Connected...
» more

Market metrics

TDengine has garnered over 22,500 stars on GitHub and is used in over 50 countries...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

The OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
» more

TDengine OSS is an open source, cloud native time series database. It includes built-in...
» more

News

Comprehensive Comparison Between TDengine and MongoDB
6 June 2024

Comprehensive Comparison Between TDengine and TimescaleDB
5 June 2024

Mastering Memory Leak Detection in TDengine
31 May 2024

Seamless Data Integration from MQTT and InfluxDB to TDengine
22 May 2024

Solving Long Query Performance Bottlenecks
22 May 2024

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