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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SwayDB vs. Tarantool

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SwayDB vs. Tarantool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSwayDB  Xexclude from comparisonTarantool  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataA high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryFully managed big data interactive analytics platformAn embeddable, non-blocking, type-safe key-value store for single or multiple disks and in-memory storageIn-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Key-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedKey-value storeDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Spatial DBMS infowith Tarantool/GIS extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score2.09
Rank#121  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.04
Rank#387  Overall
#61  Key-value stores
Score1.67
Rank#143  Overall
#25  Document stores
#25  Key-value stores
#65  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgwww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerswaydb.simer.auwww.tarantool.io
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designwww.lmdb.tech/­docdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.tarantool.io/­en/­doc
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsSymasMicrosoftSimer PlahaVK
Initial release20122011201920182008
Current release29.0.1, April 20240.9.32, January 2024cloud service with continuous releases2.10.0, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoGNU Affero GPL V3.0Open Source infoBSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCScalaC and C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
Linux
Unix
Windows
hostedBSD
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeFlexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesnostring, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesyesnoall fields are automatically indexednoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoFull-featured ANSI SQL support
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Open binary protocol
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Java
Kotlin
Scala
C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RnoLua, C and SQL stored procedures
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session events
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basednoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneSharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.noneAsynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyCasual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition infowhen using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition infowhen using Raft
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoAtomic execution of operationsACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes, cooperative multitasking
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, write ahead logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyesyes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemnoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationnoAccess Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles

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More resources
Apache DruidLMDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSwayDBTarantool
DB-Engines blog posts

Data processing speed and reliability: in-memory synchronous replication
9 November 2021,  Vladimir Perepelytsya, Tarantool (sponsor) 

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