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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. JanusGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NSDb

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. JanusGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NSDb

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonJanusGraph infosuccessor of Titan  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonNSDb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataA Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters infoIt was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformScalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of Kubernetes
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Graph DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score1.94
Rank#129  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#41  Time Series DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgjanusgraph.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorernsdb.io
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.janusgraph.orgdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorernsdb.io/­Architecture
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsLinux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by AureliusMicrosoft
Initial release2012201720192017
Current release29.0.1, April 20240.6.3, February 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaJava, Scala
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes: int, bigint, decimal, string
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Clojure
Java
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Java
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersnoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedyes infodepending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)Sharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engineSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, HazelcastyesUsing Apache Lucene
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph ServerAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
Apache DruidJanusGraph infosuccessor of TitanMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerNSDb
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