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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. IBM Db2 vs. Ingres vs. TimescaleDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. IBM Db2 vs. Ingres vs. TimescaleDB vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataCommon in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxWell established RDBMSA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQLVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
Relational DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score128.46
Rank#8  Overall
#5  Relational DBMS
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitedruid.apache.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2www.actian.com/­databases/­ingreswww.timescale.comvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designwww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2docs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.timescale.comdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsIBMActian CorporationTimescaleOpenLink Software
Initial release20121983 infohost version1974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s20171998
Current release29.0.1, April 202412.1, October 201611.2, May 20222.15.0, May 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2commercial infofree version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC and C++CCC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyesyesyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntaxyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesyesuser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shellyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnoyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux Versionhorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslyyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributesyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)Ingres ReplicatorSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas infoChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache DruidIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2IngresTimescaleDBVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Apache DruidIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2IngresTimescaleDBVirtuoso
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