DBMS > Apache Druid vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Immudb vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Immudb vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDB

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Document store

Key-value store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.25
Rank	#90	Overall
	#47	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.75
Rank	#104	Overall
	#19	Document stores

Score	0.31
Rank	#295	Overall
	#42	Key-value stores

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Website

druid.apache.org

www.ibm.com/products/cloudant

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

github.com/google/leveldb

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

cloud.ibm.com/docs/Cloudant

docs.immudb.io

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

IBM, Apache Software Foundation

IBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014

Codenotary

Google

Microsoft

Initial release

2012

2010

2020

2011

2014

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

1.2.3, April 2022

1.23, February 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

BSD

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Erlang

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

hosted

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

SQL-like syntax

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

View functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScript

JavaScript

Triggers

yes

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

atomic operations within a document possible

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Access rights for users can be defined per database

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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