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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. HyperSQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. RDF4J vs. UniData,UniVerse

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. HyperSQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. RDF4J vs. UniData,UniVerse

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonUniData,UniVerse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.MultiValue database and application server with SQL mapping layer and meta database capabilities
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.RDF storeMultivalue DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score2.85
Rank#98  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orghsqldb.orgwww.postgresql.orgrdf4j.orgwww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-unidata
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentationdocs.rocketsoftware.com/­bundle?cluster=true&labelkey=unidata&labelkey=prod_unidata
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Rocket Software
Initial release201220011989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20041985
Current release29.0.1, April 20242.7.2, June 202316.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaCJavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
All OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesyesyes infoRDF Schemasschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesoptional
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Java API infoJPA
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
Basic infoU2 Basic
C
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava, SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesyes
Triggersnoyesyesyesyes infoU2 Basic
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basednonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesnoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACID infoconfigurable
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights according to SQL-standard and operating system based

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More resources
Apache DruidHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBPostgreSQLRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameUniData,UniVerse
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