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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Hive vs. InfinityDB vs. Milvus vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Hive vs. InfinityDB vs. Milvus vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonInfinityDB  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality datadata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopA Java embedded Key-Value Store which extends the Java Map interfaceA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSKey-value storeVector DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score59.76
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#365  Overall
#55  Key-value stores
Score2.78
Rank#103  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitedruid.apache.orghive.apache.orgboilerbay.commilvus.iovirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homeboilerbay.com/­infinitydb/­manualmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mddocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookBoiler Bay Inc.OpenLink Software
Initial release20122012200220191998
Current release29.0.1, April 20243.1.3, April 20224.02.3.4, January 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageJavaJavaJavaC++, GoC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
All OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VMLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesyes infonested virtual Java Maps, multi-value, logical ‘tuple space’ runtime Schema upgradeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoall Java primitives, Date, CLOB, BLOB, huge sparse arraysVector, Numeric and Stringyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesno infomanual creation possible, using inversions based on multi-value capabilitynoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Access via java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentNavigableMap Interface
Proprietary API to InfinityDB ItemSpace (boilerbay.com/­docs/­ItemSpaceDataStructures.htm)
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C++
Java
PHP
Python
JavaC++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenonoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnonononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingnoneShardingyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesselectable replication factornoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infoREAD-COMMITTED or SERIALIZEDBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono infomanual creation possible, using inversions based on multi-value capabilitynoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACID infoOptimistic locking for transactions; no isolation for bulk loadsnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAccess rights for users, groups and rolesnoRole based access control and fine grained access rightsFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache DruidHiveInfinityDBMilvusVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Apache DruidHiveInfinityDBMilvusVirtuoso
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