DBMS > Apache Druid vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Immudb vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Immudb vs. Snowflake

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

A high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardware

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.25
Rank	#90	Overall
	#47	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.64
Rank	#145	Overall
	#67	Relational DBMS

Score	0.31
Rank	#295	Overall
	#42	Key-value stores

Score	130.36
Rank	#8	Overall
	#5	Relational DBMS

Website

druid.apache.org

github.com/heavyai/heavydb
www.heavy.ai

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

www.snowflake.com

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

docs.heavy.ai

docs.immudb.io

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

HEAVY.AI, Inc.

Codenotary

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Initial release

2012

2016

2020

2014

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

5.10, January 2022

1.2.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Apache Version 2; enterprise edition available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++ and CUDA

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

Linux

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

hosted

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

yes

schema-free

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

yes

SQL-like syntax

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

Triggers

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

Round robin

Sharding

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

Multi-source replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

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