DBMS > Apache Druid vs. H2 vs. Snowflake vs. Solr

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. H2 vs. Snowflake vs. Solr

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

A widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache Lucene

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Search engine

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.34
Rank	#88	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	121.33
Rank	#9	Overall
	#6	Relational DBMS

Score	42.91
Rank	#24	Overall
	#3	Search engines

Website

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

solr.apache.org/resources.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Thomas Mueller

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2012

2005

2014

2006

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

2.2.220, July 2023

9.6.0, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

runs as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

yes

Dynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

supports customizable data types and automatic typing

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

yes

Solr Parallel SQL Interface

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

Java

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

user defined functions

Java plugins

Triggers

yes

similar concept for controling cloud resources

yes

User configurable commands triggered on index changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

none

yes

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

spark-solr: github.com/lucidworks/spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

optimistic locking

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

yes

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