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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. GridGain vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SwayDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. GridGain vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SwayDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonGridGain  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSwayDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataGridGain is an in-memory computing platform, built on Apache IgniteFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformAn embeddable, non-blocking, type-safe key-value store for single or multiple disks and in-memory storage
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedKey-value store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score1.55
Rank#150  Overall
#26  Key-value stores
#70  Relational DBMS
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.04
Rank#387  Overall
#61  Key-value stores
Websitedruid.apache.orgwww.gridgain.comwww.h2database.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerswaydb.simer.au
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designwww.gridgain.com/­docs/­index.htmlwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsGridGain Systems, Inc.Thomas MuellerMicrosoftSimer Plaha
Initial release20122007200520192018
Current release29.0.1, April 2024GridGain 8.5.12.2.220, July 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercialOpen Source infoGNU Affero GPL V3.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJava, C++, .NetJavaScala
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhosted
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDLyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
JDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Java
Kotlin
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersnoyes (cache interceptors and events)yesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyes (replicated cache)With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)noSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDnoAtomic execution of operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemSecurity Hooks for custom implementationsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationno

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More resources
Apache DruidGridGainH2Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerSwayDB
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