DBMS > Apache Druid vs. GreptimeDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. GreptimeDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SpaceTime

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

An open source Time Series DBMS built for increased scalability, high performance and efficiency

Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform

SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

column oriented

Spatial DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store

this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.85
Rank	#96	Overall
	#50	Relational DBMS
	#6	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.09
Rank	#343	Overall
	#31	Time Series DBMS

Score	3.28
Rank	#83	Overall
	#45	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#385	Overall
	#7	Spatial DBMS

Website

druid.apache.org

greptime.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

www.mireo.com/spacetime

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

docs.greptime.com

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Greptime Inc.

Microsoft

Mireo

Initial release

2012

2022

2019

2020

Current release

30.0.0, June 2024

cloud service with continuous releases

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Rust

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

Android
Docker
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Windows

hosted

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

schema-free, schema definition possible

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

all fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

yes

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

gRPC
HTTP API
JDBC

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

C#
C++
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Python

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

Triggers

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Fixed-grid hypercubes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

Real-time block device replication (DRBD)

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Simple rights management via user accounts

Azure Active Directory Authentication

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

GreptimeDB is a SQL & Python-enabled timeseries database system built from scratch...
» more

Competitive advantages

- Inherits advantages of Rust, such as excellent performance, memory safe, resource...
» more

Typical application scenarios

For IoT industries, GreptimeDB can seamless integrate with message queues and other...
» more

Key customers

Greptime's clients span multiple sectors including IoT, connected vehicles, and energy...
» more

Market metrics

GreptimeDB has garnered global recognition by topping GitHub trends following its...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

GreptimeDB: open source, distributed, cloud-native TSDB; supports Hybrid Time-series...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources

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