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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TigerGraph

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score0.67
Rank#232  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#34  Key-value stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score1.80
Rank#138  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgwww.graphengine.ioazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.tigergraph.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.tigergraph.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsMicrosoftMicrosoft
Initial release2012201020192017
Current release29.0.1, April 2024cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoMIT Licensecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava.NET and CC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
.NEThostedLinux
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful HTTP APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedhorizontal partitioningSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanononoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAzure Active Directory AuthenticationRole-based access control

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More resources
Apache DruidGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTigerGraph
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