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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2 vs. Immudb vs. Milvus

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2 vs. Immudb vs. Milvus

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.A DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searches
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeVector DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score0.24
Rank#305  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.h2database.comgithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
milvus.io
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.immudb.iomilvus.io/­docs/­overview.md
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsGoogleThomas MuellerCodenotary
Initial release20122017200520202019
Current release29.0.1, April 20242.2.220, July 20231.2.3, April 20222.3.4, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageJavaJavaGoC++, Go
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
hostedAll OS with a Java VMBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesVector, Numeric and String
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesSQL-like syntaxno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsnono
Triggersnonoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingnoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole based access control and fine grained access rights
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache DruidGoogle Cloud SpannerH2ImmudbMilvus
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

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Apache DruidGoogle Cloud SpannerH2ImmudbMilvus
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