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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Trino

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonTrino  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerFast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Document store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score4.99
Rank#65  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.progress.com/­marklogicazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticstrino.io
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docswww.progress.com/­marklogic/­documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticstrino.io/­broadcast
trino.io/­docs/­current
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHub
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsGoogleMarkLogic Corp.MicrosoftTrino Software Foundation
Initial release20122015200120162012 info2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL
Current release29.0.1, April 202411.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.
Implementation languageJavaC++C++Java
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS infofor devlopment
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesdepending on connected data-source
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingnoyes infoSQL92yesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptTransact SQLyes, depending on connected data-source
Triggersnonoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningdepending on connected data-source
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyesyesdepending on connected data-source
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencydepending on connected data-source
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoAtomic single-row operationsACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACIDdepending on connected data-source
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesdepending on connected data-source
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes, with Range Indexes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsyesSQL standard access control
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache DruidGoogle Cloud BigtableMarkLogicMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseTrino
Specific characteristicsTrino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
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Typical application scenariosPerformant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
» more
Key customersTrino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
» more
Market metrics33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTrino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
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