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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Galaxybase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Solr

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Galaxybase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Solr

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonGalaxybase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSolr  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataScalable, ACID-compliant native distributed parallel graph platformFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache Lucene
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Graph DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedSearch engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score0.07
Rank#377  Overall
#40  Graph DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score41.02
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Websitedruid.apache.orggalaxybase.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorersolr.apache.org
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorersolr.apache.org/­resources.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsChuanglin(Createlink) Technology Co., Ltd 浙江创邻科技有限公司MicrosoftApache Software Foundation
Initial release2012201720192006
Current release29.0.1, April 2024Nov 20, November 2021cloud service with continuous releases9.6.1, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC and JavaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
LinuxhostedAll OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedStrong typed schemaFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typing
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSolr Parallel SQL Interface
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Browser interface
console (shell)
Graph API (Gremlin)
OpenCypher
Proprietary native API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined procedures and functionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJava plugins
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkspark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnooptimistic locking
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemRole-based access controlAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes

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More resources
Apache DruidGalaxybaseMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSolr
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