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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Solr

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Solr

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSolr  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache Lucene
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedSearch engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score20.82
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score42.91
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Websitedruid.apache.orgwww.firebirdsql.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorersolr.apache.org
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorersolr.apache.org/­resources.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsFirebird FoundationMicrosoftApache Software Foundation
Initial release20122000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase20192006
Current release29.0.1, April 20245.0.0, January 2024cloud service with continuous releases9.6.0, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC and C++Java
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typing
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSolr Parallel SQL Interface
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoPSQLYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJava plugins
Triggersnoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basednoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkspark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnooptimistic locking
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes

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Apache DruidFirebirdMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSolr
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