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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Elasticsearch vs. Graph Engine vs. Milvus vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Elasticsearch vs. Graph Engine vs. Milvus vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Search engineGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Vector DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score0.61
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#343  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websitedruid.apache.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.graphengine.iomilvus.iogithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsElasticMicrosoftJuxt Ltd.
Initial release20122010201020192019
Current release29.0.1, April 20248.6, January 20232.3.4, January 20241.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageJavaJava.NET and CC++, GoClojure
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
All OS with a Java VM.NETLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesVector, Numeric and Stringyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexednoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingSQL-like query languagenonolimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful HTTP APIRESTful HTTP APIHTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesyesnono
Triggersnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardinghorizontal partitioningShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyesyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoES-Hadoop Connectornono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonononoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemRole based access control and fine grained access rights
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache DruidElasticsearchGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityMilvusXTDB infoformerly named Crux
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

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More resources
Apache DruidElasticsearchGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityMilvusXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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