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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. DuckDB vs. Immudb vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. DuckDB vs. Immudb vs. OrientDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSKey-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score0.31
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Websitedruid.apache.orgduckdb.orggithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
orientdb.org
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designduckdb.org/­docsdocs.immudb.iowww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsCodenotaryOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release2012201820202010
Current release29.0.1, April 20241.0.0, June 20241.2.3, April 20223.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++GoJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
server-lessBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyesSQL-like syntaxSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononoJava, Javascript
TriggersnononoHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basednoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesnoneMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemnoAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

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Apache DruidDuckDBImmudbOrientDB
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