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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. DuckDB vs. FoundationDB vs. IRONdb vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. DuckDB vs. FoundationDB vs. IRONdb vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonIRONdb  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.IRONdb seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.A distributed Time Series DBMS with a focus on scalability, fault tolerance and operational simplicityEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Time Series DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitedruid.apache.orgduckdb.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.circonus.com/solutions/time-series-database/www.stardog.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designduckdb.org/­docsapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.circonus.com/irondb/category/getting-starteddocs.stardog.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsFoundationDBCirconus LLC.Stardog-Union
Initial release20122018201320172010
Current release29.0.1, April 20240.10, February 20246.2.28, November 2020V0.10.20, January 20187.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++C++C and C++Java
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
server-lessLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infosome layers support typingyes infotext, numeric, histogramsyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesnonoyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyessupported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like query language (Circonus Analytics Query Language: CAQL)Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP APIGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoin SQL-layer onlyyes, in Luauser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnonononoyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basednoneShardingAutomatic, metric affinity per nodenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesnoneyesconfigurable replication factor, datacenter awareMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate consistency per node, eventual consistency across nodesImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoin SQL-layer onlynoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemnononoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache DruidDuckDBFoundationDBIRONdbStardog
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