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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Dolt vs. Geode vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Dolt vs. Geode vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonDolt  Xexclude from comparisonGeode  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataA MySQL compatible DBMS with Git-like versioning of data and schemaGeode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processesGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSKey-value storeKey-value store
Wide column store
Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score1.02
Rank#191  Overall
#89  Relational DBMS
Score1.86
Rank#134  Overall
#24  Key-value stores
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitedruid.apache.orggithub.com/­dolthub/­dolt
www.dolthub.com
geode.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­bigtablevirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.dolthub.comgeode.apache.org/­docscloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsDoltHub IncOriginally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.GoogleOpenLink Software
Initial release20122018200220151998
Current release29.0.1, April 20241.1, February 20177.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses available as GemfirecommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaGoJavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
Linux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java VM infothe JDK (8 or later) is also requiredhostedAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesschema-freeschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyesSQL-like query language (OQL)noyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
CLI Client
HTTP REST
Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infocurrently in alpha releaseuser defined functionsnoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnoyesyes infoCache Event Listenersnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basednoneShardingShardingyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesA database can be cloned to multiple locations and be used there in isolation. Data/schema changes can be pushed/pulled explicitly between locations.Multi-source replicationInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDyes, on a single nodeAtomic single-row operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemOnly one user is configurable, and must be specified in the config file at startupAccess rights per client and object definableAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Fine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache DruidDoltGeodeGoogle Cloud BigtableVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale โ€” as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for โ€” Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including โ€” European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base โ€‹of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Apache DruidDoltGeodeGoogle Cloud BigtableVirtuoso
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