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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Dgraph vs. FoundationDB vs. NuoDB vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Dgraph vs. FoundationDB vs. NuoDB vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsWidely used in-process key-value store
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Graph DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgdgraph.iogithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.html
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdgraph.io/­docsapple.github.io/­foundationdbdoc.nuodb.comdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsDgraph Labs, Inc.FoundationDBDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.Oracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle
Initial release20122016201320131994
Current release29.0.1, April 20246.2.28, November 202018.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infocommercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaGoC++C++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infosome layers support typingyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML edition
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingnosupported in specific SQL layer onlyyesyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is available
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoin SQL-layer onlyJava, SQLno
Triggersnononoyesyes infoonly for the SQL API
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedyesShardingdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtennone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesSynchronous replication via Raftyesyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoin SQL-layer onlyyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID infotunable commit protocolACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCC
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoTemporary tableyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemno infoPlanned for future releasesnoStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Usersno

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More resources
Apache DruidDgraphFoundationDBNuoDBOracle Berkeley DB
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