DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Datomic vs. HugeGraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Datomic vs. HugeGraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

A fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMS

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.25
Rank	#90	Overall
	#47	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.66
Rank	#144	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	0.17
Rank	#335	Overall
	#31	Graph DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Website

druid.apache.org

www.datomic.com

github.com/hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

docs.datomic.com

hugegraph.apache.org/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Cognitect

Baidu

Microsoft

Initial release

2012

2018

1989

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

1.0.6735, June 2023

0.9

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

Java

Java, Clojure

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
macOS
Unix

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

also supports composite index and range index

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

Clojure
Java

Groovy
Java
Python

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

asynchronous Gremlin script jobs

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

By using transaction functions

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

via hugegraph-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

edges in graph

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Users, roles and permissions

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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