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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. CockroachDB vs. Faircom DB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. CockroachDB vs. Faircom DB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonFaircom DB infoformerly c-treeACE  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Native high-speed multi-model DBMS for relational and key-value store data simultaneously accessible through SQL and NoSQL APIs.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score5.73
Rank#58  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#304  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
#136  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgwww.cockroachlabs.comwww.faircom.com/­products/­faircom-dbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdocs.faircom.com/­docs/­en/­UUID-7446ae34-a1a7-c843-c894-d5322e395184.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsCockroach LabsFairCom CorporationMicrosoft
Initial release2012201519792019
Current release29.0.1, April 202424.1.0, May 2024V12, November 2020cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercial infoRestricted, free version availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaGoANSI C, C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
Linux
macOS
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OS X
QNX
SCO
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows infoeasily portable to other OSs
hosted
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supporteddynamic schemaschema free, schema optional, schema required, partial schema,Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes, ANSI SQL Types, JSON, typed binary structuresyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyes, ANSI SQL with proprietary extensionsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBCADO.NET
Direct SQL
JDBC
JPA
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful MQTT/JSON API
RPC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js and browser)
PHP
Python
Visual Basic
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes info.Net, JavaScript, C/C++Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnonoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedhorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTFile partitioning, horizontal partitioning, sharding infoCustomizable business rules for table partitioningSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesMulti-source replication using RAFTyes, configurable to be parallel or serial, synchronous or asynchronous, uni-directional or bi-directional, ACID-consistent or eventually consistent (with custom conflict resolution).yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Tunable consistency per server, database, table, and transaction
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDtunable from ACID to Eventually Consistentno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesYes, tunable from durable to delayed durability to in-memoryyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemRole-based access controlFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard with additional protections for filesAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
Apache DruidCockroachDBFaircom DB infoformerly c-treeACEMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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