DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Citus vs. InterSystems Caché vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle Rdb

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Citus vs. InterSystems Caché vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle Rdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Caché is a deprecated database engine which is substituted with InterSystems IRIS. It therefore is removed from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

A multi-model DBMS and application server

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Key-value store
Object oriented DBMS
Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.25
Rank	#90	Overall
	#47	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.15
Rank	#117	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	1.14
Rank	#178	Overall
	#80	Relational DBMS

Website

druid.apache.org

www.citusdata.com

www.intersystems.com/products/cache

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/rdb.html

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

docs.citusdata.com

docs.intersystems.com

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/rdb-doc.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

InterSystems

Microsoft

Oracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)

Initial release

2012

2010

1997

2014

1984

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

8.1, December 2018

2018.1.4, May 2020

7.4.1.1, 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

Linux

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

hosted

HP Open VMS

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

yes

depending on used data model

schema-free

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

yes

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C#
C++
Java

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

yes

JavaScript

Triggers

yes

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

Source-replica replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

yes, on a single node

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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