DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Citus vs. Drizzle vs. GridGain vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Citus vs. Drizzle vs. GridGain vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Drizzle has published its last release in September 2012. The open-source project is discontinued and Drizzle is excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

MySQL fork with a pluggable micro-kernel and with an emphasis of performance over compatibility.

GridGain is an in-memory computing platform, built on Apache Ignite

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Secondary database models

Document store

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.34
Rank	#88	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.21
Rank	#118	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	1.47
Rank	#154	Overall
	#26	Key-value stores
	#72	Relational DBMS

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Website

druid.apache.org

www.citusdata.com

www.gridgain.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

docs.citusdata.com

www.gridgain.com/docs/index.html

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Drizzle project, originally started by Brian Aker

GridGain Systems, Inc.

Microsoft

Initial release

2012

2010

2008

2007

2014

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

8.1, December 2018

7.2.4, September 2012

GridGain 8.5.1

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

Open Source

GNU GPL

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Java, C++, .Net

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

Linux

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

yes

with proprietary extensions

ANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDL

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

JDBC

HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C
C++
Java
PHP

C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

yes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)

JavaScript

Triggers

yes

hooks for callbacks inside the server can be used.

yes (cache interceptors and events)

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes (replicated cache)

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Pluggable authentication mechanisms

e.g. LDAP, HTTP

Security Hooks for custom implementations

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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