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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Citus vs. DolphinDB vs. Graph Engine vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Citus vs. DolphinDB vs. Graph Engine vs. Vitess

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonDolphinDB  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLDolphinDB is a high performance Time Series DBMS. It is integrated with an easy-to-use fully featured programming language and a high-volume high-velocity streaming analytics system. It offers operational simplicity, scalability, fault tolerance, and concurrency.A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineScalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMSGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score4.03
Rank#78  Overall
#6  Time Series DBMS
Score0.67
Rank#232  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#34  Key-value stores
Score0.88
Rank#203  Overall
#95  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comwww.dolphindb.comwww.graphengine.iovitess.io
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.citusdata.comdocs.dolphindb.cn/­en/­help200/­index.htmlwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualvitess.io/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsDolphinDB, IncMicrosoftThe Linux Foundation, PlanetScale
Initial release20122010201820102013
Current release29.0.1, April 20248.1, December 2018v2.00.4, January 202215.0.2, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercial infofree community version availableOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCC++.NET and CGo
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
LinuxLinux
Windows
.NETDocker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsSQL-like query languagenoyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
JSON over HTTP
Kafka
MQTT (Message Queue Telemetry Transport)
ODBC
OPC DA
OPC UA
RabbitMQ
WebSocket
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
MatLab
Python
R
Rust
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesyesyes infoproprietary syntax
Triggersnoyesnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardinghorizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonoyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDyesnoACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAdministrators, Users, GroupsUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles

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More resources
Apache DruidCitusDolphinDBGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityVitess
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