DBMS > Apache Cassandra vs. Apache Druid vs. HyperSQL vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. RavenDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Cassandra vs. Apache Druid vs. HyperSQL vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. RavenDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

A multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodes

Open Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database

Primary database model

Wide column store

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	98.94
Rank	#11	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	2.85
Rank	#96	Overall
	#50	Relational DBMS
	#6	Time Series DBMS

Score	3.14
Rank	#85	Overall
	#46	Relational DBMS

Score	3.07
Rank	#86	Overall
	#15	Document stores
	#11	Key-value stores
	#47	Relational DBMS

Score	2.68
Rank	#102	Overall
	#19	Document stores

Website

cassandra.apache.org

druid.apache.org

hsqldb.org

www.oracle.com/database/nosql/technologies/nosql

ravendb.net

Technical documentation

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/nosql-database/index.html

ravendb.net/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Oracle

Hibernating Rhinos

Initial release

2008

2012

2001

2011

2010

Current release

5.0-rc1, July 2024

30.0.0, June 2024

2.7.2, June 2023

24.1, May 2024

5.4, July 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

based on BSD license

Open Source

Proprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)

Open Source

AGPL version 3, commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86

Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-less columns are supported

yes

Support Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

optional

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

SQL for querying

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-like query language (RQL)

APIs and other access methods

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java, SQL

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

none

Electable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table feature

Multi-source replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

with Hadoop integration

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

depending on configuration

Default ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

ACID

configurable

ACID within a storage node (=shard)

ACID, Cluster-wide transaction available

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

off heap cache

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per object

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

Authorization levels configured per client per database

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantages

No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenarios

Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more

Key customers

Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more

Market metrics

Apache Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Apache licenseÂ Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more

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