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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Blazegraph vs. Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RethinkDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Blazegraph vs. Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RethinkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonBlazegraph  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparison
Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataHigh-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Search engineRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score0.81
Rank#213  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#8  RDF stores
Score132.83
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score2.66
Rank#107  Overall
#20  Document stores
Websitedruid.apache.orgblazegraph.comwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsrethinkdb.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designwiki.blazegraph.comwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsrethinkdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsBlazegraphElasticMicrosoftThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017
Initial release20122006201020162009
Current release29.0.1, April 20242.1.5, March 20198.6, January 20232.4.1, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoextended commercial license availableOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJavaJavaC++C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-freeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoRDF literal typesyesyesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometry
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingSPARQL is used as query languageSQL-like query languageyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesyesTransact SQL
Triggersnonoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenoClient-side triggers through changefeeds
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding inforange based
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyesyesyesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoES-Hadoop Connectornoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in Graphsnono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACIDAtomic single-document operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoMVCC based
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationno
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemSecurity and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)yesyes infousers and table-level permissions

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More resources
Apache DruidBlazegraphElasticsearchMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseRethinkDB
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