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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Badger vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Badger vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. VoltDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonBadger  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonVoltDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataAn embeddable, persistent, simple and fast Key-Value Store, written purely in Go.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformDistributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS infoUsed for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Key-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score0.14
Rank#331  Overall
#49  Key-value stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score1.44
Rank#158  Overall
#73  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orggithub.com/­dgraph-io/­badgerazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.voltdb.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designgodoc.org/­github.com/­dgraph-io/­badgerdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.voltdb.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsDGraph LabsMicrosoftVoltDB Inc.
Initial release2012201720192010
Current release29.0.1, April 2024cloud service with continuous releases11.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoAGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaGoJava, C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X infofor development
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesyesnoall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infoonly a subset of SQL 99
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Go.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
C++
Erlang infonot officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJava
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basednoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono infoFOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanononoACID infoTransactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoData access is serialized by the server
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSnapshots and command logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemnoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationUsers and roles with access to stored procedures

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More resources
Apache DruidBadgerMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerVoltDB
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