DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Axibase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SpaceTime vs. Splunk

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Axibase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SpaceTime vs. Splunk

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Scalable TimeSeries DBMS based on HBase with integrated rule engine and visualization

Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform

SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.

Analytics Platform for Big Data

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

column oriented

Secondary database models

Document store

If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store

this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.34
Rank	#88	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.29
Rank	#292	Overall
	#25	Time Series DBMS

Score	4.38
Rank	#77	Overall
	#41	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#7	Spatial DBMS

Score	86.45
Rank	#14	Overall
	#2	Search engines

Website

druid.apache.org

axibase.com/docs/atsd/finance

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

www.mireo.com/spacetime

www.splunk.com

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

docs.splunk.com/Documentation/Splunk

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Axibase Corporation

Microsoft

Mireo

Splunk Inc.

Initial release

2012

2013

2019

2020

2003

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

15585

cloud service with continuous releases

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

commercial

Community Edition (single node) is free, Enterprise Edition (distributed) is paid

commercial

Limited free edition and free developer edition available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

Linux

hosted

Linux

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

yes

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

short, integer, long, float, double, decimal, string

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

SQL-like query language

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

Splunk Search Processing Language for search commands

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
Proprietary protocol (Network API)
RESTful HTTP API

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

RESTful HTTP API

HTTP REST

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

Go
Java
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

C#
C++
Python

C#
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

yes

Triggers

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Fixed-grid hypercubes

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

Source-replica replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

Real-time block device replication (DRBD)

Multi-source replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

A 'Transaction' in Splunk has a different meaning: grouping related events into a single one for later searching

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Azure Active Directory Authentication

yes

Access rights for users and roles

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More resources

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